Restrictive Practice

Types of Restrictive Practices and Examples

1. Physical Restraint

   Using physical force to hold someone to prevent them from moving freely. Example: A staff member holds a person’s arms to stop them from hitting themselves or others.

2. Mechanical Restraint

   Using equipment or devices to restrict someone’s movement. Example: Strapping a person into a wheelchair to prevent them from standing up and falling if they are at risk of injury.

3. Chemical Restraint

   Using medication to calm someone down or control their behaviour when it’s not for a medical reason. Example: Giving a sedative to someone with autism, rather than using de-escalation techniques.

4. Environmental Restraint

   Restricting access to certain areas or objects to limit a person’s freedom. Example: Locking doors in a care home to stop someone from leaving without supervision or Removing sharp objects from a kitchen to prevent self-harm.

5. Seclusion or Isolation

   Keeping someone in a room or area by themselves to manage their behaviour. Example: A student with challenging behaviour is placed in a quiet room and not allowed to leave until they calm down.

6. Psychological Restraint

   Using threats, coercion, or manipulation to control someone’s behaviour. Example: Telling someone they won’t be allowed to go on a trip unless they follow certain rules, even if it’s unnecessary.

When Are Restrictive Practices Used?

Restrictive practices are typically used in situations where:

• The person is at risk of harming themselves or others.
• There are no less restrictive alternatives available.
• They are necessary to protect the person’s health or well-being.

The Risks of Restrictive Practices

• They can cause physical harm or distress.
• They may lead to feelings of fear, anger, or mistrust.
• Overuse or misuse can violate a person’s rights and dignity.

Good Practice in Using Restrictive Practices

• Always try less restrictive approaches first (e.g., calming techniques, distraction, or communication support).
• Use them only as a last resort, for the shortest time possible.
• Ensure the person’s rights and dignity are respected.
• Regularly review and document the use of restrictive practices to ensure they remain necessary and appropriate.

Restrictive practices should be about keeping people safe, not controlling them.